What type of energy transformation occurs in a battery?

A battery primarily transforms chemical energy into electrical energy. Inside a battery, chemical reactions take place that release energy. This energy is harnessed and converted into electrical energy, which can then power devices like flashlights, smartphones, and other electronic equipment.

The chemical components within the battery undergo oxidation and reduction reactions, effectively storing energy in the form of chemical potential energy and then converting that stored energy into electrical energy when the circuit is completed.

The other options do not accurately describe the energy transformation that occurs in a battery. For instance, mechanical or thermal energy, radiant energy, and nuclear energy are not involved in the fundamental operation of a typical battery's energy conversion process. Therefore, the correct answer reflects the primary function of a battery in energy transformation.